Map of Kievan Rus'
An early medieval forerunner of present-day Russia.
From the late 8th century onwards, the trade route from the Varjans to the Greeks developed, a trade route that was almost entirely over water and that connected Scandinavia with the Byzantine Empire.
Principalities of the later Kievan Rus’ (after the death of Yaroslav I in 1054. The background map is a modern map of Europe showing current national boundaries, and modern artificial waterways and reservoirs in Russia.
Principalities of Kievan Rus' (1054-1132).
CC BY-SA 3.0. Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository.
A metal engraving depicting old trade route at the Staraya Ladoga fortress in the village of Staraya Ladoga, Russia
© Photographer Inge F. Hendriks, Private collection.
Herbarius is a herbal book
A herbarius, not to be confused with a Herbarium, is a herb book or herbal book containing drawn/illustrated plants and/or flowers with captions about their properties and use. Herb books date from the period from 1300 to about 1800. They arose from the interest in the medicinal use of herbs. It was important to be able to find the right species to have. That is why the plants, the properties of the growing place and their medicinal use were often described in detail.
Herbarius, Venice, 1499.
© Fundamental Library of Military Medical Academy named SM Kirov.
Map of Moscovian Rus’
The newest general map of the entire Russian Empire.
Inv.Nr. ERG-26697. Photographer Darya Bobrova.
© The State Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg, 2021
A compilation of images from the Incunabula Nr 2
Incunabula is also known as crib prints. These are books or writings set in movable type and printed before 1 January 1501 in Europe. A complitation of the Incunatable Nr 2 contains Celsus Aulus Corneli and Johannes de Ketham from Germany with 7 treatises "On Medicine" about urine, bloodletting, women's secrets, surgery, avoiding of the plague, anatomy and children's disease. Venice, 1493 Ancient Roman scientist.
© Fundamental Library of Military Medical Academy named SM Kirov.
Aptekarskiy Prikaz in the Kremlin
The building of the Aptekarskiy Prikaz in the Moscow Kremlin,
pen-and-ink drawing, artist Margarita V. Apraksina, Saint Petersburg, 2016.
© Photographer Inge F. Hendriks, Private collection.
In 1654, de Prikaz opened the first medical school, where court physicians and foreign doctor medicinae trained barber-surgeons. Instructions included surgery, anatomy, pharmacology, practical diagnosis of internal diseases and ambulatory medicine.
Title page with a compass and a globe, Exoticorum libri decem, Quibus Animalum, Plantarum ..., Carolus Clusius, Petrus Bellonius, Nicolas Monardus, Book 1, Leiden 1605. A kind of encyclopedia of knowledge about the plant and animal world around 1600. B00286
© Rijksmuseum Boerhaave, Leiden
Quince, fruit, seeds (plant), Arbor peregrina ex Guinea. Fructus peregrinae arboris historia. In: Exoticorum libri decem, Quibus Animalum, Plantarum..., Carolus Clusius, Petrus Bellonius, Nicolas Monardus, Leiden 1605. B05087
© Rijksmuseum Boerhaave, Leiden
Woodcut page with butterbur
In: Den nieuwen herbarius, dat is, dboeck vanden cruyden, Leonhart Fuchs, Basel. 1543. B05514
© Rijksmuseum Boerhaave, Leiden
Woodcut pumpkin page
In: Den nieuwen herbarius, dat is, dboeck vanden cruyden
© Rijksmuseum Boerhaave, Leiden
Coloured engraving of pineapple with insects. In: Metamorphosis insectorum Surinamensium, or the change of Surinamese insects, Maria Sibylla Merian, Fig. ii, Amsterdam, 1705. B05593
© Rijksmuseum Boerhaave, Leiden
Coloured engraving with watermelon, caterpillar and butterfly. In: Metamorphosis insectorum Surinamensium, or the change of Surinamese insects, Maria Sibylla Merian, Fig. ii, Amsterdam, 1705. B05593
© Rijksmuseum Boerhaave, Leiden
Pharmacy jar, Wide Italian albarello, decorated with blue and yellow edges (a green edge at the top and bottom) and especially geometric patterns. Presumably Northern Netherlands, c. 1625. V10171
© Rijksmuseum Boerhaave, Leiden
Pharmacy jar, Albarello with blue floral decor with heron, Albarello 'Rio Barbaro', 1575-1625, Presumably Tuscan. V10175
© Rijksmuseum Boerhaave, Leiden